Sustainable Alternate Materials for Concrete Production from Renewable Source and Waste

Natural resources are being continuously extracted for the production of concrete which leads to degradation ecosystem. This is also a challenge sustainability save Nature. study seeks identify suitable replacement material river sand and stone aggregate sustainable utilization renewable sources. Manufactured (M-sand) from industrial by-products coconut shell (CS), an agricultural waste, selected as materials sustainability. uses M-sand fine CS coarse in place (R-sand) crushed (CSA) production, respectively. To prove that alternate materials, this focused on microstructural characteristics constituents conducted produced using R-sand, CS. Also, properties conventional (CC) (CSC) both R-sand M-sand. Since aims find alternative CSA by CS, its studied compared since characterization very significant compatibility. Microstructural studies revealed use does not affect rather it improves strength concrete. A similar same trend was observed when used with R-sand. Hence, strongly suggests alternatives so natural can be saved hence could sustained.